Alloy 2304 (UNS S32304) is a molybdenum-free duplex stainless steel composed of 23% chromium, 4% nickel. 2304 stainless steel (Chinese grade: 00Cr23Ni4N) is a low-alloy duplex stainless steel developed in Sweden. Its solution treatment temperature is about 1000 ℃, and its structure is 40%-50% ferrite and 50%-60% austenite. , has the common characteristics of duplex stainless steel, and is developed as a steel with high strength and low price, which can replace the commonly used austenitic stainless steels of 304L and 316L. It has been approved by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) for use in piping for boilers and pressure vessels, chemical plants and refineries, and has been incorporated into standards in many countries. The American standard is UNS S32304, and the Swedish commercial grade is SAF 2304. The corrosion resistance properties of alloy 2304 are similar to those of 316L. In addition, its mechanical properties, namely yield strength, are twice that of the 304L/316L austenitic grades. This feature enables designers to reduce product weight when designing products, especially pressure vessels. SAF 2304 stainless steel has good mechanical and physical properties, resistance to stress corrosion and other forms of corrosion, and good weldability, making it possible to replace...
Stainless steel is favored by the huge desalination industry in the Middle East due to its corrosion resistance and super thermal conductivity. In an exceptionally dry Middle East, where fresh water is scarce, yet the population is growing, drinking water remains a very precious commodity. For decades, the region has relied on desalination processes to provide its inhabitants with valuable fresh water. The desalination industry is a global industry. Currently, there are more than 17,000 commercial desalination plants in the world, providing usable water to 174 countries. Desalination plants remove salt and minerals from seawater, making it more suitable for human consumption and for agricultural irrigation. The desalination capacity in the Middle East accounts for more than 60% of the global capacity. Saudi Arabia is the largest producer of desalinated seawater in the region. Because of its corrosion resistance, stainless steel is the equipment material of choice for desalination plants and reverse osmosis plants. seawater desalination process Modern desalination plants typically use two processes – distillation or reverse osmosis, and steel is the core material for both. After being treated by one of these processes, piped seawater is divided into treated water and concentrated brine, which has a higher salinity...
The surface quality of 304 stainless steel plate is mainly determined by the pickling process after heat treatment. If the surface oxide scale formed by the previous heat treatment process is thick or the structure is uneven, pickling cannot improve the surface finish and uniformity. Therefore, full attention should be paid to the heating of heat treatment or the surface cleaning before heat treatment. If the thickness of the oxide scale on the surface of the stainless steel plate is not uniform, the surface finish of the base metal under the thick part and the thin part will also be different. Therefore, the surface of the steel plate is not uniform. Therefore, it is necessary to uniformly form oxide scales during heat treatment. To meet this requirement, the following issues must be noted: If the stainless steel plate adheres to oil on the surface of the workpiece during heating, the thickness and composition of the oxide scale at the oil-attached part will be different from the thickness and composition of the oxide scale in other parts, and carburization will occur. The carburized part of the base metal under the oxide scale will be severely attacked by the acid. The oil...
There are three main factors that affect stainless steel corrosion: 1. The content of alloying elements. Generally speaking, the content of chromium is 10.5%, and the steel is not easy to rust. The higher the content of chromium and nickel, the better the corrosion resistance. For example, the content of nickel in 304 material is 8-10%, and the content of chromium is 18-20%. Such stainless steel will not rust under normal circumstances. 2. The smelting process of the manufacturer will also affect the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. A large stainless steel plant with good smelting technology, advanced equipment and advanced technology can ensure the control of alloying elements, the removal of impurities, and the control of the cooling temperature of the billet, so the product quality is stable and reliable, the internal quality is good, and it is not easy to rust. On the contrary, some small steel mills have backward equipment and backward technology. During the smelting process, impurities cannot be removed, and the products produced will inevitably rust. 3. The external environment, the climate is dry and ventilated, and it is not easy to rust. The air humidity is high, continuous rainy weather, or environmental areas with...
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